Dielectrics

Dielectrics

Dielectrics are the insulators which don't have free charges to pass electricity. It transmits electric effects without actually conducting electricity. 

On the basis of dipole moment of molecules, dielectrics are of two types-

• Polar dielectrics

• Non-polar dielectrics

Polar dielectrics

Polar dielectrics are made of polar molecules in which the centre of positive charges and centre negative charges do not coincide because of the asymmetric shape of the molecules.

In polar dielectrics each molecules has some intrinsic or permanent electric dipole moment.

Ex .- water, NH2, HCl etc.

Non-Polar dielectrics

Non-Polar dielectrics are made of non polar molecules.

In these dielectrics the centre of positive charges coincide with the centre of negative charges in the molecules as shown in fig. 

Hence, each molecule has zero dipole moment in its normal state.

Each of these molecules is symmetrical in shape.

Ex.- CO2, O2, N2, H2, methane etc.

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